Axenfeld Reigers Syndrome Case Study

Axenfeld Reigers Syndrome Case Study

Martin Lynch-Gibbon, is a London wine merchant married to Antonia

Martin Lynch-Gibbon, is a London wine merchant married to Antonia. They had wed due to convenience and they do not have a child.He is having an affair with Georgie, an academic younger than he is. She gets pregnant early on, but they end it. She attempts suicide after rejections by Martin and his brother.Seemingly out of nowhere, Antonia declares that she is leaving him. Martin is shocked. She goes with Palmer, one of their friends and her psychoanalyst. As it turns out, she and Palmer have been having an affair as well.Martin leaves their house, but he does not want his affair to go public, or be committed any further.Then he falls for Honor, Palmer’s stepsister who teaches anthropology at Cambridge. One night, he goes into her house uninvited and unannounced, and finds her in bed- with her stepbrother.Later, Antonia tells Martin that she has been seeing Alexander as well, his older brother, and it dates back to them having been introduced to each other.He turns to whisky to battle his problems. More than being an adulterer, he thinks of himself as a cuckold.â€Å"A Severed Head† explores fear of intimacy between the married couple, the fear of being in a relationship that values commitment. It also illuminates the ways in which sexual relationships are unraveled, especially when one manipulates or dominates the other.

Hersey and Blanchard Situational Leadership Theory Essay

Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard inscribe fine piece of scholarly research papers and world class books. They formulated a model by the name of situational leadership theory and presented solutions for tremendous leadership styles while attaining the goals of the organization. Hersey and Blanchard, situational leadership theory: According to Hersey and Blanchard situational leadership model, an individual having leadership traits tend to adjust in accordance with the environment. Adjustments are made on the basis of follower maturity level i.e. the readiness to perform in a particular situation. Readiness specifically concerns with the ability and confidence level of the follower. Leaders identify whether they need to emphasize on task behaviors or responsibility behaviors in order to deal with the followers maturity level of employees, subordinates or team members. Robin and Coulter (2007) presented four diverse and effective leadership styles:  · Delegating: Employees are allowed to make decisions related to specific task hence both relationship style and task behavior are low.  · Participating: Employees participate in important decisions and share ideas a well hence task behavior is low and relationship style is high.  · Selling: Leaders sell to employee in a way that they have to briefly explain the task direction and they must support and persuade the employees at every step. Here leaders delineate the roles and duties of followers and seek out ideas from them. It is little bit a two way communication process.  · Telling: Sometimes leaders must explain employee’s specific tasks to do and supervises each and every work very closely. Most of the emphasis is given to task behavior and relationship style is low. Leader clearly defines the duties and roles of followers and major decisions are made by leader itself and it is purely a one-way communication. As the follower reaches the higher level of readiness, leadership control continuously decreases in terms of task behavior and relationship style. It further elaborates that the leaders must compensate for certain limitations like abilities and motivation of its followers. The leadership style focuses on the readiness level and development level. Four developmental levels are as follows: – Employees are less competent but highly committed – Several employees have low competency level and are not committed as well – Many times subordinates are moderately competent and variably committed as well – Numerous times employees seem highly competent and committed as well Those leaders who adopt situational leadership style must have the ability to implement alternative styles as required in a particular environment. It requires understanding the maturity level of the employees in terms of readiness and implementing appropriate leadership style. An important research explained that when follower’s maturity level is high, leaders must use delegating style hence leader intervention is very low and employees having strong confidence, willingness and abilities are empowered to make chief decisions and perform specific tasks. However if the maturity level of subordinates or employees is low then telling must be used as an effective technique and leaders must emphasize on task behavior. At this juncture the readiness level is low where instructions are given and the entire system is highly structured because followers lack capabilities or they might show unwillingness or insecure while performing a particular task. When the readiness level is low to moderate i.e. employees have the capabilities but reflect insecurity or unwillingness them key importance is given to participative style. Leaders give emphasis to relationship building and assists followers in understanding the task, gaining confidence hence sharing innovative and creative ideas with each other. Leaders also opt for selling when the readiness level of the followers ranges from moderate to high. In such case employees reflect willingness and confidence in the task but lack capabilities. Therefore leaders persuasively explain the entire task and provide followers with clear task guidance. Hersey and Blanchard further highlighted that leaders must be flexible so that change their leadership styles overtime. According to one research if appropriate styles are used during low readiness level then slowly and gradually employees gain maturity and they improve their abilities to perform specific tasks.   The devotion towards prosperity and development of followers and responding to them in an effective manner results into less directive or instructive style as followers get mature. It is widely used in diversified management development programs. The demeanor remains with continuous learning approach where importance is given to training and development to further enhance task behavior as well as skills and confidence level (Schermerhorn 2008). Implication of Situational Leadership theory in leading teams: Reshma (n.d.) instigated that no single leadership style is applicable in a workplace situation. One must look for the style that best fits a particular situation hence it is highly dependent on the situation. One of the recent studies reveals that four components of communication play important role in situational leadership theory: – Expectations must be communicated clearly in an effective manner – Top management must listen to employees – Superior should be delegating – Higher management must provide feedback continuously to improve employees performance Three situations have been highlighted that influence the leadership style: – Level of control of leader in a particular organization and how they respond to different situations. – More importantly situations have three times greater impact on an individual performance and play important role in shaping leaders behavior. – One successful leadership style might fail in a different situation. A situation plays an important role in making out positive and negative impact on the consequences. Hence one must clearly analyze and evaluate the key requirements of a situation and implement correct leadership styles. Natural abilities also facilitate a lot therefore leaders must look into their intrinsic values. Nicholls (1993) stated that leadership requires consistent approach with conformity to key facts. Leaders must transform from parent to developer and a balance must be maintained between task and relationship behavior along with the abilities and willingness to perform in a particular environment. Lande and Conte (2009) instigated that the maturity level of subordinates depends on work related knowledge, skills and ability. Gaining experience in terms of promotion, success, skill or confidence plays an important role. The critical perspective: Kasch Associates (2009) explained that competencies and skills are not inherited from ancestors. It analyzed task behavior and reveals that there exist several task actions which must be performed and it requires understanding individual subordinate and team member closely so that proper responsibilities can be assigned to individuals. It requires controlling and supervising whether employees perform the task effectively and efficiently. It highlighted several socio economic variables and said that leaders must minimize the distance and try to cultivate collaboration and integrate and foster two way communications between leader and the follower.   It clearly defined maturity as the willingness and ability of followers to perform a particular task. It comprises of both psychological maturity as well as job maturity. Job maturity pertains to ability, knowledge and skills whereas psychological maturity assumes that the follower owns a particular task and reflects motivation to further enhance the quality of the work and augment the norms and values related to self respect and self confidence. According to Article Base (2009) it requires considering readiness level, development level and leadership styles for boosting the performance and effective leadership. Those leaders who perform in group must be flexible and must provide psychological space to individuals so that they can progress. Nevertheless the rate and degree of maturity continuum varies across subordinates therefore leaders must respond in a customize manner and it clearly highlights the importance of intuitive appeal. Strict supervision stagnant the performance therefore superiors must opt for benefit/cost ration and continuously add value to the performance of the team hence superiors must formulate appropriate structural policies and behavior in accordance with the internal customers needs and requirements. Emphatic listening is the realm and in order to build long term relationship and commitment with subordinates. Conclusion: It can be concluded that there exists both pros and cons in the model. Nonetheless dynamic management firms and institutions draw on the approach and formulate strategic solutions. It requires holistic approach. The paradigm remains with principle centered loom and proactive approach. Both the lessons and experience are gained gradually and leaders can facilitate and assist subordinates and the champion followers lead to efficient and effective performance if leadership styles are adopted in a systematic and consistent manner.

Essay On Physics Of Complex Systems - 722 Words

One of the flourishing and fascinating research areas in physics nowadays is the physics of complex systems, or the theory of complexity. There is not a single and straightforward meaning associated with this buzzword due to its vagueness and polysemy, and very often it depends on the context and the authors. Nevertheless, one of the interesting points are the tools and methods that the theory provides that can be eventually applied to many different disciplines, ranging from physics, chemistry, biology, applied sciences and even social sciences. The main idea of complexity that the author uses in the present monograph stems from the nonlinear interaction of the individual parts of a dynamical system and the different sizes of large†¦show more content†¦Most of the problems to which the author refers to constitute very recent research problems in the field of space plasma, and the book contains at the end a very rich list of important references on the field, that the author uses along the whole book. The book is very well edited and it contains seven chapters, where key aspects of complexity theory applied to space plasmas are discussed. It starts with an excellent introduction where the objectives of the book are clearly outlined, and basically the rest of the chapters are devoted to either give the terminology that it will be used in the next chapters, or to describe methods and different applications. A second chapter deals extensively with the idea of dynamical criticality far from equilibrium. The theory of self-organized criticality is introduced and applied to different examples. Interestingly, this theory helped to recognize the power-law behaviour of the solar flares. Next, under the title of physics of complexity, the author describes coherent structures and explores the physical reasons of the origin of complexity in space plasmas. The next chapters deal with other techniques such as probability distributions, wavelets, fractals, multifractal analysis, ending with a fi nal chapter on the dynamical renormalization group and its connection with criticality and multifractals. The phenomenon of intermittency and fluid turbulence using these techniques are also discussed. Including such topics as theShow MoreRelatedThe Five Ways By St. Thomas Aquinas996 Words   |  4 PagesFor centuries The Five Ways, drawn from St. Thomas Aquinas’s Summa Theologica have been studied, scrutinized, and at the epicenter of heated debate. When St. Thomas wrote this section of his ground breaking essay what he ultimately was claiming, was that through philosophy and observation, there is a way to see how the natural world points to there in fact being a God. Although to some it may seem absurd, modern day science based upon observation and experimentation, does not completely discreditRead MoreThe science of Star Wars is book written by Jeanne Cavelos, it tries to link the content of the1000 Words   |  4 Pagesweapons to end with a chapter on â€Å"The Force†. The first Chapter is called Planetary Environments. It has four essays and seven section, sections headings include â€Å"You Can’t Have an Empire without Real Estate† and â€Å"The Bright Center of the Universe† and â€Å"A Planet a Day Keeps the Empire Away† etc. The topics she covers in this chapter includes things like formation of planets, star systems, the power and importance of tidal forces, Biochemical necessities essential for life support, high energy particlesRead MoreThe Theory Of Classical And Quantum Mechanics1651 Words   |  7 Pagestime! As far as mathematics is concerned, one can just as well specify final conditions, at some remote future time, and evolve backwards in time. Mathematically, final conditions are just as good as initial ones for determining the evolution of a system. There is a potential exception to the claim that the fundamental dynamical laws are time-reversal invariant. The CPT-theorem (rigorously proven in Là ¼ders (1954)), states that all local Lorentz invariant field theories are invariant with respectRead MoreThe Final Objective In The Fys Syllabus Is The Ability1334 Words   |  6 Pagestopic, has understood the problem, has understood possible solutions to the problem, and the student has proposed their own questions and solutions to the problem—these proposed solutions should not be graded on correctness. Having students assess complex problems while in academia will prepare them to research such problems on their own and allow them to propose possible solutions in the professional setting. The reason why the current inquiry based thinking exercises are flawed is because anyoneRead MoreBiopsychosocial And Diathesis Model Theory968 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction This essay will answer many question concerning biopsychosocial and diathesis. This essay will explain the model theory. This essay will also give you the definitions of biopsychosocial. What three factors does the biopsychosocial (BPS) model propose play a significant role in human functioning? The three factor According to Gardland, E (2016) Model 3 [class handout] â€Å"the biopsychosocial model(Engel,1977) is a generalRead More What is an expert? Essay example1560 Words   |  7 PagesBecoming an expert in any domain requires experience and effort. Don Norman introduced the notion that an someone requires 10,000 hours of experience and practice for reasonably complex domains to have the possibility of being an expert. Most people seem to agree with that assessment. In order for someone to become an expert in physics, music, chess, psychology, mathematics, baseball, etc. takes many hours, even years, of hard work and practice. ***Keith Ericsson in viewing the development of expertiseRead MoreThe Effects of Noise on a Communication System1494 Words   |  6 Pagesencounter each other. Noise, in physics, is an acoustic, electrical, or electronic signal consisting of a random mixture of wavelengths. It is also a subjective term, referring to any unwanted sound. Microsoft ® Encarta ® Online Encyclopaedia 2002 Throughout this essay I will illustrate the early model which Shannon and Weaver created during the middle of the Twentieth Century and investigate some of the advantages and disadvantages of this model. The essay will then move on to view how noiseRead MoreProperty Dualism1389 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay assesses property dualism, a theory of mind. It proclaims the existence of a single, physical substance (unlike Cartesian dualism), but argues that this single substance has two potential properties: physical and mental states that are not reducible. The idea that mental states are non-reducible properties of brain states is the central tenant of a theory of mind called property dualism. However, before we can assess the theory we must be aware that the question assumes the existenceRead MoreThe Impact Of The Scientific Revolution And The Age Of Enlightenment1117 Words   |  5 Pagesimpact on the way people viewed religion, politics and society in general. During the 17th and 18th century people experienced momentous changes in every aspect of their daily lives. The thirty years war took place between1616 and 1648. It was a complex war to say the least, with religious factors at the forefront. Protestants and Catholics were divided, â€Å"when Catholic Ferdinand II ascended to the position of Crown Prince of the Kingdom of Bohemia (which was one of the many independent kingdomsRead MoreThe Science Of The Module ( Climate Change ) Essay1248 Words   |  5 Pagesthe science under discussion? (demonstrate an understanding of the science) The science under discussion is the study of climate change. This includes and is not limited to weather forecasting, ice drilling, temperature recording, climate change physics, theories of climate change, policies of climate change, CO2 reduction, renewable energy and more. This is the study of how greenhouse gases, such as Carbon dioxide, are affecting the temperature on earth. 2. Where does the motivation come from to